In 2012, it has been estimated that almost 527,600 new patients were diagnosed with cervical cancer causing over 265,000 deaths worldwide. 100% of all cervical cancer cases are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). and 50% of sexually active individuals will catch HPV during their lifetime. Figures from the World Health Organization’s International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) showed an estimated 570,000 new cases of cervical cancer were diagnosed worldwide in 2018, making it the fourth most common cancer in women globally.Each year, more than 310,000 women die from cervical cancer, and the vast majority of deaths are in poorer countries where immunisation rates against the human papillomavirus (HPV) that causes it are low. Cervical cancer occurs when abnormal cells on the cervix grow out of control. The cervix is the lower part of the uterus that opens into vagina. Cervix cancer can often be successfully treated when it's found easily. Multiple sexual partners, intercourse at a very young age, smoking, risky sexual behaviors are the risk factors for cervical cancer. Early stages do not have symptoms. Last stages may have abdominal pain or vaginal bleeding. To promote the prevention and early detection of cervical cancer , women were encouraged to do Pap tests for free in Al-Ahli and Al-Emadi hospitals. In wealthy countries, some anti-vaccine campaigners are also persuading parents to refuse the shot for their children, leaving them at risk, IARC said.

“Unfounded rumours about HPV vaccines continue to unnecessarily delay or impede the scaling up of vaccination,” IARC’s director Elisabete Weiderpass said in a statement.

She said IARC was committed to fighting cervical cancer and “unequivocally confirms the efficacy and safety” of HPV shots..IARC said reducing the cost of vaccines in poorer countries would play a vital role in increasing access to them. It said it was working with the generic drugmaker Serum Institute of India to develop an HPV shot that “could provide a high-quality alternative at a lower cost”

We can protect ourselves by sexual abstinence, monogamy, regular screening starting at age 21 , and vaccination. The American Cancer Society is actively fighting cervical cancer on many fronts. Cervical cancer treatment includes surgery, radiotherapy , chemotherapy or combinations of these. Deciding on the kind of treatment depends on several factors , such as stage of the cancer, as well as the patient's age and state of health.

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